Mars Mission Case Study. Importance, Failure, Orbiter And Successful Mission

• Curiosity (NASA, 2012). Currently operational.
• Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity (NASA, 2003). Currently operational.
• Beagle 2 (ESA, 2003). Lander made it to the surface but lost contact.
• Phoenix (NASA, 2007). Successfully landed and operated for most of a year.
• Mars Exploration Rover Spirit (NASA, 2003). Successfully landed and operated for years before breaking down.
• Mars Polar Lander (NASA, 1999). Lost contact before re-entry; either burned up in the atmosphere or made it to the surface.
• Russia Mars Pathfinder and Sojourner (NASA, 1996). Successfully landed and completed mission.
• Viking 1 (NASA, 1975). Successfully landed and completed mission.
• Viking 2 (NASA, 1975). Successfully landed and completed mission.
• Mars 6 (USSR, 1973). Lander lost contact shortly before touchdown.
• Mars 2 (USSR, 1971). Lander lost control on descent and crash-landed.
• Russia Mars 3 (USSR, 1971). Lander touched down and beamed back data for 20 seconds before losing contact.

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Mars Mission Mangal Yaan Highlights, and Importance

The Mars mission, as planned by ISRO, was a sophisticated exercise. Compared to other Mars missions, ISRO had a smaller rocket and payload. This reduced the cost 450 crore significantly but increased the mission’s complexity. Other Mars missions are not planned this way. The Maven spacecraft of NASA, which reached Mars a few days before ISRO’s orbiter, was on its way to the red planet directly after launch.

All it required was a five minute push from the powerful upper stage of the rocket, just 27 minutes after lift-off. So it was the incredible plan for India. K. Shivan ISRO head sent this mission.

Upcoming Planned Mars Mission By India

So far, the US, China and UAE have made successful trips to the Red Planet. All of them have missions that arrived at Mars this year. It is hardly surprising that India has also announced its upcoming Mars mission. The orbiter only mission, called Mangalyaan 2, will be similar to Mangalyaan 1, Sivan said. While ISRO is yet to announce a deadline for the Mars mission, Sivan said Mangalyaan 2 will only be undertaken after Chandrayaan 3 is launched.

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